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¹Agri Military Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Agri, Turkey
²Agri Military Hospital, Department of Radiology, Agri, Turkey
³Gulhane School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ankara, Turkey
⁴Agri Military Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Agri, Turkey DOI : 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.7904-13.0 Piriformis syndrome is a clinical picture of non-discogenic sciatica caused by compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle. It has variable etiologies and the patho-physiology is not fully understood. The major etiology was known to be the spasm, edema and inflammation of the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve compression of the muscle later on. Patients can be diagnosed immediately with a comprehensive clinical examination and early diagnosis makes the treatment much easier. Diagnosis of the piriformis syndrome, a very rare cause of low back pain, first requires that this syndrome is remembered, and then a differential diagnosis should be performed. A case of piriformis syndrome diagnosed in a patient who presented with low back pain is reported in this study. Keywords : Piriformis syndrome, Back pain, Sciatica