Aim: To introduce Ernst von Bergman, who contributed greatly to the establishment of modern neurosurgery and introduced antisepsis practices to routine use in surgery, and his important work, which is the first book on neurotrauma. Material and Methods: The world\'s first book dedicated to neurotrauma, Lehre von Kopfverletzungen, written in 1880, is examined and presented together with the author\'s academic career. Results: Bergmann was the first surgeon to use surgical instrument sterilization and played a pioneering role in the establishment of the antiseptic method. In addition to his valuable studies and important results on intracranial pressure changes in head trauma, the innovations and principles he brought to wound care are very important. Conclusions: Surgical sterilization, head trauma and the resulting increase in intracranial pressure, and his standardization of wound care make Ernst von Bergmann an important figure in the establishment of modern neurosurgery. Bergmann is the author of the first book on neurotrauma, which places him in a distinguished place in the history of neurosurgery.