Kyphoplasty is a minimal invasive technique with low rate of complications. To the best of our knowledge, perforation of gastric wall following kyphoplasty has not been described yet. We present a case who was operated for radical resection of esophageal carcinoma eleven years ago and underwent kyphoplasty after a recent sixth and seventh thoracic vertebral fracture was diagnosed. After that, the patient complained of dysphagia and fever. His laboratory results showed the sign of inflammation. Gastroscopy showed there is foreign body in the stomach. Plain radiograph, computed tomographic scan and positron emission computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of perforation of gastric wall by polymethylmethacrylate. Despite adequate antibiotic treatment, the patient died from septic multiple organ failure. Indication for kyphoplasty in patients with any history of thoracic surgery should be scrutinized rigorously. Although this kind of complication may be relatively rare, awareness of this will improve our response to avoid any delay in correct diagnosis and specific treatment.