Aim:Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is an entrapment neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). Placing the patient in prone position during surgery of the spine is one of the main causes of nerve injury. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and recovery of patients with MP following posterior spine surgery.Material and Methods:Patients who underwent posterior spine surgeries in prone position at the authors’ clinics were included in this study. Patients with preoperative MP were excluded.Results:Among the 560 patients who underwent spine surgery in prone position, 117 (21%) had impaired sensation along the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. One hundred three of them were treated with conservative treatment, whereas 14 underwent surgery for MP.Conclusion:Conservative treatment is the first option for MP. Patients who do not recover with conservative treatment may undergo surgical treatment.