Aim:The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of fluid resuscitation and L-arginine administration on oxidant status markers, blood gases, lactate and apoptosis in the brain tissue of a rat model of TBI with hemorrhagic shock.Material and Methods:A total of 60 rats were divided into six groups: control, isotonic saline-treated, 7.5% NaCl-treated (hypertonic saline), L-arginine-treated (100 mg/kg), saline + L-arginine-treated and 7.5% NaCl + L-arginine-treated groups. Closed head contusive weight-drop injuries were performed with hemorrhagic shock in all of the groups. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse rate, lactate, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and apoptosis were investigated.Results:In a total of 48 rats, MAP levels remained higher than 60 mmHg for 3 hours in all of the treatment groups. The highest MAP values in each group were recorded. Higher MDA and lower TAC levels were observed in the control group than in all of the treatment groups (all p<0.05). The number of apoptotic cells was highest in the control group and lowest in the L-arginine group.Conclusion:L-arginine administration may be an alternative treatment option for individualized fluid resuscitation in patients with TBI and hemorrhagic shock.