Aim:In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the relationships between morphometric measurements in craniovertebral junction and the possible genetic basis of the disease in Chiari type 1 patients undergoing surgical treatment.Material and Methods:Morphometric and volumetric measurements of the posterior fossa from cranial and cervical radiological imagings of patients were performed. Cellar volüme, atlanto-dental distance, basal angle, clivus thickness, clivus lenght, distance between basion and dens, foramen magnum lateral distance, foramen magnum antero-posterior distance, cerebellar hemispher height, tentorial angle, dens height, foramen magnum plane were measured with 3D computerized tomography.Results:In patients with chiari type 1; basal angle was greater (125.29 ° ± 9.522 ° Vs. 112.33 ° ± 9.09 °) (p = 0.000), basion-dens distance was shorter (3.51 mm ± 1.695mm Vs. 5.27 ± 1.695mm) (p = 0.000), cerebellar hemispher height was longer (58.47 ± 5.143 mm Vs. 52.05 ± 5,008 mm) (p = 0.000), tentorium angle was greater (97.95 ° ± 11.321 ° vs. 87.79 ° ± 9.891 °) (p = 0.034) dens height was longer (13.9 ± 2.46 mm vs. 14.79 ± 1.631mm) (p = 0.041), cellar volume was smaller (41.4mm3 Vs. 53.3 mm3) (p = 0.034),and foramen magnum plane was larger (64.6 ° vs. 31.1 °) (p = 0.000) than control group.Conclusion:It is concluded that many parameters including BA, FMP, BDD, CHH, TA, DH, and cellar volüme are abnormal, suggesting the need for focussing to the hormonal metabolism - related synchondral changes.