During the last decade it has been repeatedly demonstrated that mild to moderate hypothermia (30-34 º C) reduces neurological injury in animal models of focal or global ischemia, and of traumatic injury. This has led to renewed interest in the application of hypothermia for managing head injury, stroke, cardiac arrest and for undertaking aneurysm surgery. In this article, we review the relevant literature and presented our experience with cases of intracerebral hemorrhage treated under hypothermia.